Everyone has witnessed, at least once, how confidence can outweigh competence, allowing toxic and unqualified individuals to rise to power. This article explores the psychological and structural forces behind this pattern, including the Dunning-Kruger effect and reward systems that favour performance over principles. It also highlights hopeful alternatives—like the Synercube Leadership Theory—which integrates ethics, results, and people to foster healthier, more responsible leadership. Finally, it offers a practical checklist to identify toxic traits in others—or in yourself (for the brave ones).

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